在全球倡導可持續發展的大背景下，能源轉型成為時代的必然趨勢。對于工商業企業而言，降低能源成本、實現節能減排是提升競爭力的關鍵，而工商業光伏發電正逐漸成為企業實現這一目標的理想選擇。

Against the backdrop of global advocacy for sustainable development, energy transformation has become an inevitable trend of the times. For industrial and commercial enterprises, reducing energy costs and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to enhancing competitiveness, and industrial and commercial photovoltaic power generation is gradually becoming an ideal choice for enterprises to achieve this goal.

工商業光伏發電的優勢

The advantages of industrial and commercial photovoltaic power generation

1. 經濟效益顯著

1. Significant economic benefits

許多企業廠房都有大面積的閑置屋頂，通過安裝光伏發電系統，能將這些棄置空間轉化為穩定的收益來源。隨著光伏造價成本的大幅下降，企業投資光伏發電項目的門檻降低。一方面，企業可以利用光伏發電參與 “削峰填谷”，在白天用電高峰期，光伏系統產生的電量優先供企業自用，節省高額的峰值電費；另一方面，多余的電量還能上網出售，賺取電價差。在一些實行 “兩充兩放” 電價政策的省份，企業的收益更為可觀。據測算，一座 1MW 的工商業光伏電站，按常見的 80% 自用、20% 上網計算，25 年的純收益至少可達 2140 萬元 。

Many enterprise factories have large areas of idle roofs, and by installing photovoltaic power generation systems, these abandoned spaces can be converted into stable sources of income. With the significant decrease in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, the threshold for enterprises to invest in photovoltaic power generation projects has been lowered. On the one hand, enterprises can use photovoltaic power generation to participate in "peak shaving and valley filling". During the peak electricity consumption period during the day, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is prioritized for the enterprise's own use, saving high peak electricity costs; On the other hand, excess electricity can also be sold online to earn a difference in electricity prices. In some provinces that implement the "two charging and two discharging" electricity pricing policy, the profits of enterprises are more considerable. According to calculations, a 1MW industrial and commercial photovoltaic power station, with a common 80% self use and 20% grid connection calculation, can generate a net income of at least 21.4 million yuan over 25 years.

2. 合作模式靈活

2. Flexible cooperation mode

“合同能源管理（EMC）” 模式備受青睞。屋頂業主免費提供屋頂，由第三方投資建設光伏電站，電站資產歸第三方所有，業主則可以折價使用電站產生的電力。這種模式對于業主來說，無需額外資金投入，就能降低用電成本；對于投資方而言，找到了可利用的屋頂資源，實現資金的增值，是一種雙贏的合作方式。此外，“隔墻售電” 模式也在逐步推廣，分布式光伏電站可直接將電力銷售給周邊用戶，增加了收益途徑，促進能源的高效利用。

The Contract Energy Management (EMC) model is highly favored. The rooftop owner provides the rooftop for free, and the photovoltaic power station is invested and constructed by a third party. The assets of the power station belong to the third party, and the owner can use the electricity generated by the power station at a discounted price. This model can reduce electricity costs for homeowners without requiring additional capital investment; For investors, finding usable rooftop resources and achieving capital appreciation is a win-win cooperation approach. In addition, the "wall to wall electricity sales" model is gradually being promoted, and distributed photovoltaic power stations can directly sell electricity to surrounding users, increasing revenue channels and promoting efficient energy utilization.

3. 節能減排助力

3. Energy conservation and emission reduction assistance

在我國，節能減排是重要的發展目標，到 2025 年，全國單位國內生產總值能源消耗比 2020 年要下降 13.5%，化學需氧量、氨氮、氮氧化物、揮發性有機物排放總量也有相應的下降指標。工商業光伏發電作為清潔能源，能幫助企業大幅減少碳排放。企業通過使用光伏電力，減少對傳統火電的依賴，降低碳排放量，這些減少的碳排放量還可以在碳排放權交易市場出售，為企業帶來額外收益。例如浙江的花園銅業有限公司和花園金波科技股份有限公司安裝的 5.4 兆瓦工商業電站，預計年發電 540 萬度，年均減排二氧化碳 4860 噸，這些減排量可用于交易獲利。

In China, energy conservation and emission reduction are important development goals. By 2025, the energy consumption per unit of GDP in the country is expected to decrease by 13.5% compared to 2020, and there are corresponding reduction indicators for the total emissions of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds. As a clean energy source, commercial photovoltaic power generation can help companies significantly reduce carbon emissions. By using photovoltaic power, enterprises can reduce their dependence on traditional thermal power and lower their carbon emissions. These reduced carbon emissions can also be sold in the carbon emission trading market, bringing additional benefits to the enterprise. For example, the 5.4 MW industrial and commercial power station installed by Huayuan Copper Industry Co., Ltd. and Huayuan Jinbo Technology Co., Ltd. in Zhejiang is expected to generate 5.4 million kilowatt hours of electricity annually and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 4860 tons per year. These emissions reductions can be used for trading profits.

4. 改善工作環境

4. Improve the working environment

對于一些高溫廠房，光伏電站在屋頂形成隔熱保溫層，增加了空氣流通，減少陽光直射，能為廠房有效降低溫度 3℃ - 5℃。這不僅降低了企業的降溫能耗成本，也改善了工人的工作環境，提高了工作舒適性，減少了夏季降溫設備的使用和相關成本。

For some high-temperature factories, photovoltaic power plants form a thermal insulation layer on the roof, increasing air circulation and reducing direct sunlight, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the factory by 3 ℃ -5 ℃. This not only reduces the cooling energy consumption cost of enterprises, but also improves the working environment of workers, enhances work comfort, and reduces the use of summer cooling equipment and related costs.

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